The Transformation Of The Warrior Essay - 2451 Words

Since there had been humans on earth there has been disputes between clans, dynasty s and religious interest all in an effort for one group to influence, control or possess the resources of another, so war is no new phenomenon. Actually, war was seen as a good thing as it was often seen as one of the main means in were Fathers saw a road in which their son would get the opportunity to earn the right of passage from a boy to a man—a â€Å"warrior†. That ancient ideology is not far off the path of the way we think today actually. The transformation adolescents to men and women is often realized in the corridors of war, especially if you come from a hardened military lineage where serving your country in uniform ceremonious event when one put down the toys and take the greater responsibilities of life, family and adulthood (Tick, 2005, pp.45-46). The warrior culture or the warrior family is often the terminology used to identify communities of Armed Forces consisting o f those serving in uniform and their families that stay on the base or in other local enclaves around the base consisting of mostly large military population. This is often by design at this warrior culture become as close and often times closer than family after living amongst each other for years at a time. This culture has such ties because the camaraderie is needed when those in uniform deploy for months at time and the family they leave behind use the culture network as social support since for the mostShow MoreRelated The Transformation of Macbeth in William Shakespeares Play Essay823 Words   |  4 PagesThe Transformation of Macbeth in William Shakespeares Play Macbeth, once a noble and courageous warrior is transformed into an egotistical and ruthless tyrant. 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The successful homecoming according to Athene’s plan won’t be accomplished just by the mere return of Odysseus to IthakaRead MoreTraditional Literature: Three Cinderellas Essay916 Words   |  4 Pagesin the book The Stinky Cheese Man and Other Fairly Stupid Tales, by Jon Scieszka and illustrated by Lane Smith (Scieszka, 1992). All three renditions are picture storybooks, and have similarities in the cast of characters and in the motifs of transformation and magic, but there are significant differences within those similar themes. The three stories have honored illustrators in common. Browns Cinderella earned a Caldecott Medal, while Scieszkas The Stinky Cheese Man won a Caldecott Honor awardRead MoreAnalysis Of The Hero s Journey 768 Words   |  4 PagesAchilles. Achilles is a strong fearless warrior in the movie, Troy who goes through â€Å"The Hero’s Journey† and ends up with a change of heart. As the movie begins we are introduced to Achilles as a fierce and strong warrior, fearing no one. He begins the first step of Harris’ journey, also known as the call, when Odysseus goes to talk to him. Odysseus visits Achilles to ask him to fight in the war in Troy. He describes the war as great and in need of their best warrior, the perfect invitation into his journeyRead MoreCharacter Analysis of Mary Anne Sweetheart of the Song Tra Bong1305 Words   |  6 Pagesâ€Å"Sweetheart of the Song Tra Bong†, Mary Anne Bell is an unusual example of the innocence that is lost in war because unlike the rest of the soldiers, she is a woman. Mary Anne’s transformation from innocent â€Å"sweetheart† to fierce warrior left readers with mixed emotions because although Mary Anne felt at peace with her transformation, she was also disconnected from reality. When Mary Anne’s boyfriend, Mark Fossie, had her smuggled into Vietnam to visit him, she arrived looking like a piece of home. Mary

Violence at Work Westside Health Sytems Free Essays

Violence At Work: Westside Health Systems Located in Chicago, Illinois is a private nonprofit health care system called â€Å"Westside Health Systems†. The company consisted of a hospital, a nursing home and 5 minor emergency clinics. Maryanne Walker is the Director of Pharmacy Services, and oversees the main pharmacy located in the hospital, a pharmacy in the nursing home and four satellite pharmacies. We will write a custom essay sample on Violence at Work: Westside Health Sytems or any similar topic only for you Order Now She directly reports to her supervisor Nancy Smith. Maryanne is one of 5 total supervisors in Pharmacy Services. Rhonda Carter the inventory supervisor , is the direct supervisor of both employees involved in the allegation : Susan Miller and Brenda Lawson, both pharmacy technicians in the receiving area. The episode claimed that Susan had allegedly assaulted Brenda in the hospital pharmacy, with no witnesses. She had â€Å"grabbed her by the shoulders, shoved her against a partition, and perhaps drew her fist back as if to hit her. † When both Susan and Brenda were interviewed in relation to the incident their stories differed in levels of just how severe the fight and physical aggravations were. (More thoroughly explained in the case study. If you were Maryanne what actions would you take and why? As Maryanne, I would conduct another round of interviews for both parties involved (Susan and Brenda) as well as a with Rhonda to highlight the main causes of such a situation and give us further explanations. The interviews would be recorded, with the consent of the interviewee. Then, I woul d end with a fourth interview with Susan, Brenda and Rhonda and ask them to clarify any misunderstandings, as well as give them a talk on how their actions were completely unacceptable and would not be tolerated in the future. A written write up would be in need for Brenda. Rhonda would be put into a â€Å"Special Review† period, due to her failure to report back to her supervisors or even deal with arising problems with her employees. In this case, the troublesome employee was Susan, who seemed to get away with leaving early, coming into work on off days, breaking the computerized inventory system with no reprimand, as well as an overall unfriendliness towards other employees. A discussion with Rhonda is necessary to find out exactly the reason why she felt that many of Susan’s past issues were never reported to upper management when her mental health were clearly a risk at he workplace. In fact, Rhonda may be up for termination for a lack of proper supervision and disciplinary action on Susan. In fact, Susan had two events in which she injured herself, which in turn could have been a liability to Westside Health Systems. All of these incidents which come to light much later than they should have are enough to terminate Rhonda for her uns atisfactory job performance. Keeping in mind that this is a private organization and the company is at right for termination without notice. As for Susan, given that she has clinical depression and is prescribed Prozac, her time around those substances at work may become a hazard for her stability and overall work performance. Therefore, we suggest a â€Å"Wellness Program† including psychotherapy and counseling as well as education on overall wellness (eating habits, exercising, healthy living). I would then provide the company’s employees a special training on workplace violence. The goal of this course would be to give employees awareness of violence in the workplace, how to recognize the warning signs, and what actions to take to prevent or minimize violence in the future. It is also important to define workplace violence in accordance with the pharmaceutical company’s policies: List the types of workplace violence. Identify warning sign levels related to potential workplace violence. List the action steps taken in response to workplace violence. Identify ways to prevent workplace violence. Ways to encourage employees to report incidents in which they feel threatened for any reason by anyone inside or outside the organization. Skills in behaving compassionately and supportive towards employees who report incidents. Skills in taking disciplinary actions. Basic skills in handling crisis situations. Basic emergency procedures, including who to call and what support resources and services are available. Appropriate screening of pre-employment references. Basic skills in conflict resolution. 2. In light of this incident, should West-side change any of its â€Å"standards of behavior policies† or † Corrective action policies†? Explain. The only changes that I would suggest to West-Side regarding their standards of behavior policies would include: In any verbal counseling, both the employees direct supervisors should be present along with a member of upper management. This would ensure that no favoritism is being placed in one employee over another. Further, I would ensure that employees sign a statement acknowledging the fact that verbal counseling was undertaken. In written counseling, I again would require that each employee sign a statement that they received said written counseling. I am not sure how well written counseling would be as it does not require personal interaction between the employer and employee. Include a statement that indicates all parties involved will be required to meet management to discuss the matter. Failure to do so may require said employee to be reprimanded for simply refusing said meeting. The system of correction that West-side has is not a progressive one. I would suggest that it is progressive. If an employee is continuously getting into altercations or causing problems, big or little, each should be taken into account. Question 3: How can westside prevent future incidents of workplace violence? WestSide can prevent future incidents of workplace violence by sending out a clear statement to each employee on violence at work ( as previously mentioned in question 1) yet also enforce that violence at work is completely unacceptable and will not be tolerated. In order to maintain a violence-free environment the first step against it in the workplace would be to install video surveillance using an I. P. System. An I. P. Video Surveillance system has several benefits which could be used in the advantage of companies (like a pharmaceutical one). It prevents theft, allows for all personnel to be monitored in work areas, and allows the company to clearly record the face of every customer entering the premises. Video recording would be used as proof if the situation required one. It is clear that management at Westside does not have the knowledge to handle workplace violence issues. It would be important for Westside to ensure that management has the tools necessary to handle such situations. Management is essential in any workplace. They provide the standards for employees and are the individuals responsible for ensuring that the workplace is a safe one. If management is not prepared, it is possible that a workplace altercation can be taken out of context and can cause the workplace to be even more unsafe. To avoid this situation the company could implement a new way to work, using PERFORMANCE MANAGEMENT to better increase communication between employees. Moreover workshops could also be use as a way to improve relations and communication. An other important fact to review would be the hiring process. Next time they hire an employee, even a relative of another employee, they will need to perform a thorough background checks. Incidents like Susan may have been avoided by doing so. A Psychologist could also be helpful during the hiring process or even after if needed, who may conduct psychological tests as a screening process. Westside has a stressful environment due to its link with the health care system and its distribution of drugs. Therefore mistakes should be diminished to a strict minimum. A Psychologist would be able to determine if the workplace is not harmful for the candidate and if working with addictive and mind-altering substances (even though prescribed) such as prozac will or will not be a concern. Last but not least the jobs and tasks that are assigned to them should be clearly defined to avoid mistakes. As written in the case study Susan is performing her supervisor’s job ( filling a patient’s prescription) which should normally by law be conducted by the licensed pharmacist. Clear rules should be re defined to prevent any situation that could lead to an argument and troublesome outcomes for employees and the company. With all of these proposed solutions, a positive outcome is possible. Both to resolve the issue of violence and to improve the overall image and structure of Westside Health Systems. How to cite Violence at Work: Westside Health Sytems, Papers

Personnel Management and Human Resource Management

Question: Explain differences between Personnel Management and Human Resource Management in two organizations. Answer: The differences between the two type of concepts human resources management and the personnel management can be seen in the two organization of UK. The industry chosen for the purpose is the hotel industry. The two hotels considered are The Angel Hotel and The Milestone Hotel. There is an HR department in The Angel Hotel and Personnel management in The Milestone Hotel. This would help distinguishing the two types of aspects of employee management. The concept of HR Management is the most innovative version of the personnel management. The Personnel management followed by Milestone Hotel helps in revealing that the philosophy related to the top management towards the engagement of the labour force in the work. This will help in getting deeper conviction as to the important people in the organization. The incorporation of the personnel development will help in the maximum development of the individual employees. The employer will be careful in the developing individual personality (Arm strong 2012). The employees they differ and so the management recognises the ability of the individuals and this ability will be utilised in the effective manner. The drawback back of the personnel management would involve the traditional approach where the focus is on the employees welfare, labour relations and personnel administration. The human resources management of Angel hotel involves focusing on the development, acquisition, motivation and maintaining of the human resources in the organization. In case of the Personnel management, the hotel The Mile Stone will be including more of the administrative task (Milestonehotel.com 2016). The Personal manager in the hotel will play the role of the mediator between employees and the management in the hotel Mile Stone. In case of Angel hotel, the HRM goes beyond the administrative task of the personnel management and this helps in encompassing a broad vision on the management of the resources. This helps in contributing success in the organization. The personal management in the Hotel Milestone would involve division of labour, which is a drawback as the employees will be monotonous doing the same work repeatedly. The HR management in Angel Hotel would be focusing on the group or the teamwork. Thus, it can be seen that the focus of HRM denotes in the tuning of the needs of the modern organization. The concentration of HRM in the Hotel Angel would be concentrating on the monitoring, planning and controlling of the resources but in case of Personnel, management there is mediating between the employees and the management. The differences in the two concepts needs to be studied in the light of the management of people through time and through the industry perspective (Armstrong 2014). Table: Differences in the Personnel Management and Human Resources management (Source: Al- Nawafa 2012) Role of HRM in The Angel Hotel to achieve the purpose of the organization: In a hotel industry, the role of HRM is very important just like in any organization. Similarly, HR manager or the HR department has many roles while working in The Angels Hotel. They are mainly engaged in the strategy formulation, which is focused on the objective of the company i.e. the retaining and recruitment of the employees and increase the productivity. The department of human resources include controlling of the overall operations of the hotel business. The following are the roles that is performed by the Human resources department which helps in the fulfilment of the goals of the business. Training and Development: The specialist of Human Resources of Angels hotel involves creating programs of training and strengthening of the quality of the work of the organization. The training and the development would be including the creation of the training manuals, needs of training, facilitating training and see that the objective of training is met (Banfield and Kay 2012). Employee Acquisition: The development of the employees and hiring of the employees in The Angel Hotel would involve working of the human resources. The human resources manager tends to use the strategies for improving the skills of the staffs and increasing the production of the company Angel Hotel (Bohlander and Snell 2013). Management of Project: The Company The Angel Hotel sometime overlooks the deliberate method of planning when the project is being conducted. The hotel through the involvement of the human resources department will be remained organised through the outlining of the goals of the project, identification of the benefits and the costs and analysing the project risks. Management of Compliance: There might be some disputes emerging from the daily operation of the hotel then the human resources manager will be handling the disputes and the labour relations. The role of the department of the manager in the organization is familiar to that of the labour, wage and equal opportunity requirements. When there is a dispute between the employees and the employer then the strict compliance management will be helpful in the liabilities and the lawsuits. Quality and Cost Control: The costs in The Angels Hotel will be conserved through the development of the compensation package, employees assistance programs and materials of benefits. The training programs that are implemented must be based on the sound technology and the HR representative must be qualified to implement (Bondarouk and Olivas-Lujan 2014). The HR department of the hotel also looks into the quality control Role and the responsibilities of the line manager in The Angels Hotel in supporting the functions of HRM The Angels Hotel is a small hotel business that operates in the heart of the UK town so there is a need for line manager who would be looking into management and the recruitment of the employees. The following are the responsibilities and the role that is adopted by Line manager of The Angels Hotel: Engagement of the employees: The approach that is taken by the line manager involves supervising the employees for the employee management. There will be involvement of organizational culture for the teams that is created by the Line manager. The staffs when they have an open communication with the employees by the line managers then this would help in encouraging and engaging staffs working for The Angels Hotel. The line managers are being engaged so that they focus on the negative aspects of the staff performance and this help in boosting their own status, which help in creating disgruntled employees (Dessler 2013). Line manager will help in generating engagement of the employees. Appraisal related to performance: Line managers are responsible for the performance appraisal process in The Angel Hotel. The behaviour and the performance of the staffs is rated by the line manager. The one to one session of the line manager and the employee will help the line manager to resolve the queries of the staff. There is a need for the line manager to convey the message in the understandable and the sincere manner. Disciplining the employees: The line manager must bring discipline in the place of work through the teams. This will help in supporting the procedures and the policies, which will be produced by the department of HR. The commitment of the line manager for the enforcement of the rules is likely to influence the performance of the staff of The Angel Hotel. When any type of disciplinary action is taken against the staff members by the line manager is the casting back of the own behaviour (Dessler 2014). Pay which is related to the performance: When the pay structure of The Angel Hotel is related to the performance, then line manager will help in determining the direct reports for receiving a pay increase. The rating decided by the line manager will help in deciding on the amount of the increase that is received by the employees with the top performers of the hotel getting more than that of the average ones. Analysis of the legal and the regulatory framework that helps in affecting the HRM: Through the regulations and the laws, the provincial and federal government influences the HRM. The result is that the employers they should seeing that the managers and employees will understand obligation under the law. For example, the hiring decision must not be done based on the religion, gender race. The human rights legislation will help in creating a deepening impact on the management of the human resources. This will help in protecting the groups and individual from the harassment and discrimination in many areas of employment. Harassment would be including the unwelcoming behaviour or sexual harassment. Sexual harassment would be included in the private and the public sector. This is a global issue. This must be avoided as this would lead to severe consequences. There is a need for the organizations to consider the basic employment requirements, which include the minimum wage, the hours needed for the purpose of the work and overtime pay. Health and the security of the staf fs is very important and the organizations must adhere to this as it would include the maintenance and creation of the safe and healthy environment. The relationship between the employer and the trade union would be governed through the Labour Relations. The following are some of the Act about the Employment Legislation: Employment Rights Act 1996: This Act would be covering the wage rules, which would be including minimum procedures for the payment of wages, making unauthorised deduction of the wages as illegal. There is a need for the employer to provide a contract for the employment. Time off work included in the Act would help staffs avail the paid leaves write from the commencement of work and there is guidance provided to the paternity and the maternity leaves. Dismissal and Redundancy would be including requirements of the lay down by the companies so that they are able to adopt the dismissal procedures. This would help the employees to receive right type of compensation in case of the unfair dismissal from work from work. Dispute Resolution in the work would be including fair grievance and disciplinary procedure. Employment Relations Act 2004: This Act would be including the paternal leaves, Maternal Leaves, Employment tribunal awards, unfair dismissal of the strikers. Employment Act 2002: Resolution of the dispute at the place of work, improvement in the procedure of employment tribunal is included in the Act. Equal Pay Act: This Act would be signifying the equal payment for the both women and men. The Equal payment would be based on the job title and job content. Data Protection Act: This Act signifies keeping the data of the workers secured. This will help in establishing the 8-point rule that would help in keeping the personal data secured. National Minimum Wage Act: This Act will be applicable for the workers with the age of 22 years and over. This would be applicable to the full time, part time, casual, agency and piece workers (Wiņºniewska and Wiņºniewski 2012). The organization The Angel Hotel is facing troubles in managing of the staffs, as there is no proper HR manager to handle the department. This has resulted in the higher turnover of the employees. The Finance manager who plays a dual role i.e. HR manager and the Finance Manager handles the HR department. This shows that there is very little knowledge possessed by him. It was revealed that the planning with respect to the recruitment and the selection process was not in detail and there is a need for changing the recruitment process of the company. In this report, the reasons for the planning of Human Resources is evaluated, stages that should be included in the HRM process, comparing the current situation with that of the ideal organization, the effectiveness of utilising the ideal HRM strategies. Analysis of the reasons for the planning of the human resources: Through the systematic analysis, there would involve HR planning so that it will help in ensuring that there is right number of employees with necessary skills available when they are required. There is several type of task by the HR department, which includes the development of career, training, recruitment and services of retirement (Werner, Schuler and Jackson 2012). In case of HR Planning, it mainly involves the employment advertisement and recruiting of the right employees in the organization. There are series of actions that is undertaken by HR planning which includes the collection of the information, creating goals, objectives and making the conclusion for achieving the goals. The reason for HR planning is to check the number of employees that the company retained, types of workers the organization possesses, check the resources implementation and maintain the workers (Truss, Mankin and Kelliher 2012). An organization will be able to attain success and progress and this will help in creating an important part in the information system management. HR planning helps in overcoming the uncertainty through the alteration (Fischer-HuÃÅ'ˆbner, Katsikas and Quirchmayr 2012).There will be growth and improvement of the workers through the training. The employees needs are satisfied which helps in promotion and improvement in the salary. HR planning will help in developing HR assistance in the productivity structure, income and sales. Outlining the stages for planning the requirements of human resources: The case that has been shown should follow some steps for HR planning. The one-step that is followed is that there would involve the collection of the data based on the goals and the aims of the organization. The aims will help in determining where the company wants to look forward. The next step would be involving taking into consideration of the stock of the current workers. The HR record would be involving the data related to the ages, location, numbers and the analysis of the skills of the individuals. The next stage is the Auditing stage. This stage would involve the strategic environment analysis in the light of the strategic objective of the organization. The auditor will be looking into the things that has happened earlier and that would happen in the present in the terms of the lack in the turnover of the employees and the training costs (Torrington et al.2014). Identification of this information, would help the HR managers to forecast what is going to happen in the future to the HR in the organization. The step of anticipation helps in the investigation of the demand and supply in terms of the number and the quality of the person that is going to be employed by the organization so that it helps in meeting the requirements and helps in covering the accepted turnover (Gashi 2013). The next step in the Human Resources Plan, this would be including the HR Plans and career planning in the organization. The main reason includes the goals of the organization to be related to the organizing the good possibility for the employees growth (Smith 2012). The control and the monitoring would be included in the final stage for the HR planning. When the plan is accepted then it is need to be controlled. There is a need for the HR department for notice and view the availability of the resources (Rothwell et al. 2012). This would help in utilising the available talents in the most effective way. Comparing the process of the recruitment and selection in the organization with recommended organization: Recruitment is the process of finding out someone who wants to work for the organization, wherein the employees fill the application of the job and send to the organization (OÃÅ'ˆzbilgin, Groutsis and Harvey 2014). The process of selection would be involving selecting the right candidate for the post, the organization will be pointing out the right person they would be offering job. The recruitment can be external and internal. Internal recruitment involves recruitment carried out by the through the referrals by the employees. Job centre is an external form of recruitment. The recruitment plan of The Angel Hotel would most importantly include filling the vacancy in the organization. In order to fill in the vacancies, the hotel will be advertised normally. The job centres present locally, career fairs and other type of facilities are the options that they avail. It is quite important to target the right audience in the right manner. The selected candidate is called over the phone and then they are asked to come for a face-to-face interview (Mondy and Mondy 2014). During the time of the interview, there are a number of questions that are asked like the regarding the life goals, motivation etc. After this, they are to complete the psychometric and aptitude test. When comparing with the organization Tesco, it was seen that they advertise their vacancies in a different way. Tesco to fill up the vacancy looks into the internal employees. They try to move the employees up the position so that they are able to fill in the vacancy when there is no proper person to fill in the post through advertisements (Tesco.com 2016). Tesco also use external recruitment where in the management they advertise regarding the vacancies through the website. Apart from the vacancy boards, radio, magazines, television, newspaper and media is also used. The affordable way is used by Tesco to attract the correct applicant. The people they are able hear about the jobs, as the application process is quite simple. The online application on the website is a means where they will fill the application and then submit it (Mondy and Mondy 2012). The applicants they also have the option to apply through the CV by depositing in the Tesco stores. The Job Centre Plus can be used for registering as well. There are waiting list of applicants and the waited candidate is then called when there is a vacancy. The selection for the candidate for the chosen vacancy is done based on who is appropriate. The selection process would involve the screening of the candidates (I'Anson 2012). The recruiter in Tesco will look into the CV that is well written and who is suitable for the post. After passing the application screening then they give number of exercises, which includes the problem solving exercises or teamwork activities. Internal assessments when passed then the candidates are interviewed by the Line manager who deems whether they are fit for the desired position. Tesco has an ideal process and The Angel Hotel must follow this. Evaluating the effectiveness of the recruitment and the selection of the technique of the recommended organization: There is an important role played by the selection and the recruitment to determine the performance and the effectiveness of the organizations. The performance of the organization realises from the proper selection and the process of recruitment (Mathis, Jackson and Valentine 2014). The effectiveness of the organization will reduce when there is inappropriate selection of the candidate. The company should always be hiring the best talent so that they are able to remain competitive. The Tescos recruitment process generally starts when the employees they leave the organization (Islam and Ahsan 2013). The effectiveness of the recruitment and the selection for the company Tesco would help in the decision-making by the higher management so that the gap is filled. This will help in getting qualified and skilled applicants who would be doing the job. There is no distinguishing in terms of age, race, gender, caste or creed. The process of the recruitment and the selection process is quite expensive. This is a time consuming process as managers they need to decide the right applicant (Machado and Davim 2014). The use of advertisement is an extensive technique done and this need to be applied by both the organizations i.e. Tesco and The Angel Hotel. Conclusion: The planning for recruiting the employees is very important, as the growth of the business will be heavily relied upon the future demand of the workers. This will help the staffs, which are active to gain new responsibility, and there will be new recruits to fill up the vacancy. The Angle Hotel must follow the recruitment process of Tesco where the employees are recruited based on the behaviour and the skills so that there is development and growth. There is also a need to provide different ways to apply for the job by the candidate. Thus, the strength of the company will be revealed through the strategies of recruitment, procedure and exercise. Assessment of the link between motivational theory and reward at Virgin Media The worlds largest international cable company was created under the partnership of NTL, Richard Branson's Virgin Mobile and Telewest. Virgin media is part of the Liberty Global plc (Businesscasestudies.co.uk 2016). The employees are the main people, which help the organization to become successful in the competitive market (Muethel, Gehrlein and Hoegl 2012). Hence, it is important the employees should be motivated rather than just work for the organization. The main aim of the organization is that the employees should love what they do rather than being proud of what they do. In such a situation, motivation plays a role. However, the organization should be able to decide the type of motivation that will help the employee to work. Two types of motivation help the organization to motivate the employees, the extrinsic motivation and intrinsic motivation (Marler 2012). The employees can be motivated either through reward or by inner satisfaction when they do a work (Salvendy 2012). For intrinsic motivation, the recognition acts as the main source of motivation. The intrinsic motivation is provided to the employees of the organization by making them understand the importance of the employees in the organization and the role they play in the organization (Bratton and Gold 2012). Virgin Media holds a number of apprentice programs that includes works that could be carried out by using screwdriver rather than any heavy machinery (Businesscasestudies.co.uk, 2016). In this way, the individuals learn small things, which they can use in future jobs as well as in the organization. In addition to this, they are being taught customer services, sales, finance and health and safety issues. At Virgin Media, they understand the employees need motivation to work for the organization and make the organization successful. Thus, the importance of extrinsic motivation is brought in such a situation. ASPIRE is one such bonus scheme of Virgin Media (Businesscasestudies.co.uk 2016). The performances of the employees are seen through the net promoter. The net promoter is measurement tool with which Virgin Media measures the experience of the customers. The customers rate their experience out of 10 (Businesscasestudies.co.uk 2016). Once an employee get 9 out of 10 in the net promoter, the person is rewarded with 10. In addition to this, the employees are provided with the staff saving schemes, life assurance, heath care of the employees and the company pension scheme. The motivation provided by the organization can be understood with the help of Herzbergs two-factor theory of motivation (Ehnert and Harry 2012). The two factors explained by Herzberg are, hygiene factors and the motivational factors. Hygiene factors are the satisfiers which mainly consists of the salary of the employee (Banfield and Kay 2012). To support the hygiene factor there is the motivational factors. The reward and recognition that Virgin Media gave to the employees act as the motivators (Kim 2 012). It has been seen that due to the number of Herzberg like the apprentice programs, the score of the net promoter urged the employees to perform better. In this way, Virgin Media is able to provide the customers with good service and soar high in the market. Evaluation of the process of job evaluation and other factors determining pay at Virgin Media The job evaluation system is the way of measuring the worth if the jobs in the organization (Buller and McEvoy 2012). The evaluation of the jobs will help the organization to decide the types of employees they will require for the job. In addition to this, the evolution help the organization to dice the salary of the individuals who will be recruited in different positions in the organization. Virgin Media applies a salary administration program and the program helps the managers to determine the salary that is deserved by the employees in the organization (Businesscasestudies.co.uk 2016). The process involves the evaluating the value of the jobs within the organization. Virgin media does the job evaluation by applying two steps, job description and job evaluation. The job description involves the job responsibility that will come with the position. For example, an employee who is in a higher position will have more duties, which are intent than other duties. A junior employee will have less important duties. The second step is the job evaluation stage. Hay System is one of the famous system used in the United Kingdom. Virgin media also uses the Hay System that mainly evaluates three factors (Businesscasestudies.co.uk, 2016). The factors are: The knowledge that is required for good performance The complexity that the role of the decision-maker The control required for a particular position These factors are given a numerical value. The numerical value is then matched with a salary range of the employees. The numerical value decides the salary of the employees in the organization. The compensations of the employees are decided depending on the data of the survey that is carried out and the survey determines the pay for the employees for the next year. The result of the survey is presented to the managers who decide the salary range of the employees for the upcoming year. Assessment of the effectiveness is the reward systems at Virgin Media Rewards have always helped an organization to motivate the employees in an organization (Flamholtz 2012). Virgin Media have achieved the similar results. The employees took added interest in the workplace and came forward to help the senior managers at work. Virgin Media has rewarded the employees in different manners (Businesscasestudies.co.uk 2016). When on one hand, they have given the employee benefits, schemes and other monetary supports; on the other hand, they gave the reward in a different manner by giving them cars. The cars are not normal but from then Disney world. Any engineer who has performed well is given the car. This type of rewards not only gave the employees the energy to perform better but they also helped the organization by giving new ideas and techniques that will make the organization technologically advanced. Once the employees saw that the organization has implemented various schemes that will help them even after their retirement, they gave extra effort to help the organization to make it even better than before (Brewster and Mayrhofer 2012). The apprentice programs where the women could also learn the tactics of mechanics was hugely beneficial for the women. The women employees learnt new things, which they could apply in everyday work (Businesscasestudies.co.uk 2016). This in turn helped the organization. Whenever there was any small problem or technical fault at the workplace, the employees were there to solve the issues themselves rather than calling for an extra help (Stahl, Bjrkman and Morris 2012). The employees felt good because the organization thought of the enhancement of the career of the employees and they were always interested to learn new things at the office. Examination of the methods Virgin Media use to monitor employee performance The employees are given the motivation within the organization with the sole purpose that both the organizations as well as the employees are benefitted by the motivational factors (Bratton and Gold 2012). To know whether the employees are motivated, Virgin Media take measures to see the performance of the employees. By reviewing the performance of the employees, Virgin Media will be able to know whether the motivational factors are at all making any change in the organization (Buller and McEvoy 2012). Your Story Framework is one such system that is used by Virgin Media to assess the performance of the employees (Businesscasestudies.co.uk 2016). The senior managers conduct meetings regularly; evaluate the progress made by the employee by setting them against the objectives that are being set by the organization. Finally, depending in the progress of the employees, the future plans are being made in the organization. The plans will help the employees to have a clear idea about the goals and work accordingly. The Your Story Framework is transparent and consistent (Businesscasestudies.co.uk 2016). It gives a clear idea about the progress of the employees and the managers find it easy to decide the salary of the employees accordingly. The employees will also have a clear idea about their progress in the organization and they can make necessary changes in their way of work in the organization (Hendry 2012). Once the employees and the senior managers will have a proper idea about the per formance at a regular basis, it will help both parties to avoid the big mistakes and rectify the small mistakes to avoid bigger problems. Reasons for termination of Faisals employment contract with The Chicken Master and other reasons for cessation of employment Whenever an employee is employed in an organization, the employee is subjected to certain rules and regulations in the organization. (Armstrong and Taylor 2014) When on one hand, the duty of the employer is to take care of the employee, on the other hand, the employee has certain duties towards the employer and the organization. In the case of Faisal, he was asked to manage The Chicken Master. Managing The Chicken Master brought various riles and responsibilities that he should have abided to. Bob Jones who owns The Chicken Master has asked Faisal to look after the store, yet he found that the front store, which is the main place for business for The Chicken Master was not clean and not properly maintained. In addition to this, the kitchen was not cleaned. This gives an idea the person who cleaned the kitchen and the front store is not properly instructed. Moreover, Faisal failed to look after the work of the person who was given the duty of cleaning the spaces. The unclean kitchen a nd the front store was an indication that there was lack of supervision when the job was carried out. The second rule that was broken by Faisal was using the office computer for his personal use. When an employee enters The Chicken Master, he or she is given the instructions to not use the office computer for personal use. However, it was found the Faisal was guilty of using the office computer for e-mailing his wife and to do some of the homework of his daughter. Faisal even used the computer for designing a restaurant that he was planning to open. Thus, it can be said that he has not used the computer for personal use due to some emergency but for some considerable amount of time. He was even caught watching porn. Watching porn in office is soothing that was unforgivable by the employer and hence Faisal was terminated form the work. There are other reasons of cessation of employment in the United Kingdom (Budhwar and Debrah 2013). If the employee is suffering from some illness and was not able to carry out the job that person was assigned, then the organization can dismiss the employees (Renwick, Redman and Maguire 2013). However, it was somewhat unfair, as the person cannot stop the illness or any accidents. It will be the duty of the employer to either shift the employee to some department or give the employee work, which the person can carry out in spite of the disability (Nickson 2013). Redundancy is another issue when the employees can be dismissed (Kehoe and Wright 2013). However, it is not justified to dismiss an employee if the organization going through rough phase. This type of dismissal happens when the employer is not being able to support the employees in the organization (Aswathappa 2013). As the business is not going well, the employer is not in a position to pay the employees. Either the employer should give compensation to the employees or help the employees find different jobs before dismissing from the present job (Boella and Goss-Turner 2013). There is no mistake of the employees in this case, yet they are being dismissed because the employer is not able to support the employees in the organization. In such a situation, the employee can take legal actions against the employer or the organization or demand for compensation (Marler and Fisher 2013). The employment exit procedures used by The Chicken Master and Angel Hotel Both The Chicken Master and The Angel Hotel have their own rules of exit procedure from the organization. There are certain differences, while there are similarities between the organizations, there are certain distinctions as well. The notice period that should be served by the employees are same for the both the organization. If an employee wants to leave the organization, the person will have to serve detain notice period (Stredwick 2013). For a duration between one week and two years, the employee has to serve a noticed period of one week (Antonioli, Mancinelli and Mazzanti 2013). After the completion of two years, the duration of notice period will increase in the number of years. For example, the employee will have to serve two week of notice period if he or she wishes to leave the organization after the completion of two years. If an employee leaves after the completion of three years, then three weeks, after completion of four years, the notice period will be four weeks and i t will keep on changing accordingly. The provision of notice period buy out is present in The Angel Hotel. The Chicken Master does not allow any provision of buying out the notice period. The employee has to serve the mentioned duration if he or she wishes to leave the organization. On the contrary, The Angel Hotel lets the employee buyout the notice period. For example, the employee can pay the organization the salary of that period and leave the company on the day or resignation. For example, if an employee is eligible for one-week notice period then he or she will have to pay the payment of one week, if the notice period is of two weeks then the person have to pay the salary of two weeks and so on. The same rule applies for the employer as well for both the organization. The employer will also have to pay the employee before asking the person to leave depending on the duration of the work period in the organization (Armstrong and Taylor 2014). If the employer wants the employee t o leave the organization without letting him serve the notice period then the employer should pay the desired amount of money (Armstrong and Taylor 2014). However, both the companies arrange for exit interviews. The exit interviews are mainly taken when the employee wants to leave (Budhwar and Debrah 2013). The exit interviews are mainly taken by the employer to understand the issues the employee has faced in the organization (Renwick, Redman and Maguire 2013). Depending on the exit interviews, the employer will make the further changes in the organization (Nickson 2013). The issues are the factors where the organization are not able to take care of the employees and which are the areas where the organization should improve (Kehoe and Wright 2013). In addition to this, the exit procedure evaluates whether the employee holds any grudge against any other employee. If that is the case, the reason is asked to the employees. The steps taken for employee engagement are then evaluated accordingly. The impact of the legal and regulatory framework on employment cessation arrangements with an organisation such as The Chicken Master if Faisals claim was proven to be true Faisal has said that that Bob Jones has employed a woman after dismissing him from the job. The woman who had replaced Faisal is under the age of forty years. If the allegations made by Faisal are true then The Chicken Master will be held under the Sex Discriminations Act 1975. The act was mainly implemented to protect both men and women form any discrimination in school, either at home or at work (Legislation.gov.uk, 2016). The act promotes equality among men and women and prevents discriminations based on gender (Boella and Goss-Turner 2013). The act helps in establishing the equal opportunities commission. Thus, if the allegations of Faisal are true then Faisal can take The Chicken Master to the court and the court can take legal actions where The Chicken Master will be prohibited from repeating such kinds of act. Faisal, can claim monetary support from The Chicken Master (Aswathappa 2013). It has been seen that Faisal is an Asian, while the organization is in the United Kingdom. Thus, Faisal can also charge The Chicken Master under the Race Relations Act 1976. The act prevented the people in the United Kingdom from indulging in any kind of discrimination based on color, nationality of the individuals, ethnicity and the organ of the individuals (Legislation.gov.uk 2016). Commission for Racial Equality was established under this act (Legislation.gov.uk, 2016). Hence, Faisal can charge The Chicken Master for discriminating him based on race. If Faisal allegations are true, then also the court will charge The Chicken Master for discriminating him based on race (Marler and Fisher 2013). Faisal can also sue The Chicken Master in the basis of Disability Discrimination Act 2005. Though Faisal is not handicapped, yet he has aged. He thinks that the organization has acted against him due to his age. As he is aging, he thinks that The Chicken Master has replaced him with another younger employee, as age brings disability and hence, he could file the case against The Chicken Master in the basis of discrimination of age. The act was implemented to see that the none of the employees is discriminated based on disability (Legislation.gov.uk 2016). The employees should be treated equally in the organization and even if an employee is not able to perform well in the organization due to the age, then he or she should be given some other job where the person could perform (Stredwick 2013). If the person does not make any mistake, then the organization should not dismiss the employee (Antonioli, Mancinelli and Mazzanti 2013). If the allegations put by Faisal is correct and The Chic ken Master discriminated based on age with Faisal, then The Chicken Master will have to take Faisal back (Armstrong and Taylor 2014). The Chicken Master can also find employment for him in other departments (Renwick, Redman and Maguire 2013). If the allegations made by Faisal are correct then The Chicken Master will have to face the court due to the above-mentioned acts that have been implemented by the government of the United Kingdom. Thus, before implementing any kind of dismissals by an employer, the person should check the rules and regulations posed by the government and take the actions accordingly. Even if the employer is correct, then also a thorough checking is recommended before indulging in any kind of action. References Al- Nawafa, S. (2012). Jordanian Institutions Implementation of Human Resources Management Concept.International Business Management, 6(3), pp.299-303. 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John Donne Essays (1236 words) - Abrahamic Mythology, Fallen Angels

John Donne Purify my heart for I have sinned: An Irony In John Donnes Batter my heart, three-personed God; for You, the moral and religious qualms of the speaker are manifest in a sonnet which seems at first almost like an avowal between lovers. These convictions of guilt, which stem from his sexual emotion, are what induce desire for a creator/creation relationship with God. With further analysis, the violent and sexual slant on the relationship is also revealed. The first expression provides the reader with an initial framework for the mood of the poem. Donne says, Batter my heart, (1) This opening word is the first of an upcoming myriad of terms of violence. The impression given is that the speaker is either a vulnerable and/or masochistic person. However, it becomes evident in the lines ensueing that the speaker is somewhat disconcerted. Batter my heart, three-personed God; for You As yet but knock, breathe, shine, and seek to mend; That I may rise and stand, oerthrow me, and bend Your force, to break, blow, burn, and make me new. (1-4) In lines 1 and 3, he is asking God for torment, to be overcome. In lines 2 and 4, he is requesting to be fixed, mended, made new. The speaker is vascillating between the two; he seems indecisive. The verbs in lines 2 and 4 oddly parallel eachother. They are thematically similar; complementing, but at the same time contradicting. Knock corresponds to break, as breathe does to blow, and so on. Nonetheless these lines allude to the subordinate role that he takes. In line 5, a complication emerges. He is to another due. (5) There is another character in the poem who has seized him by force, like an usurped town. (5) In the appropriation of a town, the usurper must be the new ruler of the town, the authoritative leader who snatches the reins of power from the original leader. This image of an usurped town makes an interesting metaphor for Satans heist of a mans soul from God. It is the Christian belief that the human spirit, originally owned by God, is at a constant battle with the devil, who in turn provides perpetual temptation to which the Christians fall, and want God to mitigate. The speaker says, Labor to admit You, but Oh, to no end! (6) He desires and works to admit God as the beholder, the controller and owner of his spirit, but the Devils seizure is to no end. His defense of the viceroy in him proves weak and untrue. (8) A town is also not quite as unyielding as it appears from the outside. We saw from line 1 that the speaker wants to be taken by God. Since he is betrothed unto Gods enemy, he needs for God to break his tie to Satan, and to imprison him so that he would unsusceptible to the Devils domination. Like someone snared in a defective marriage, he must be divorced or untied from the knot. The manner in which Donne describes this depicts the violent nature of how he wants God to rescue him. He says, Take me to You, imprison me. (12) It is also obvious in his use of harsh verbs- batter, knock, oerthrow, break, blow, burn, usurp, break, imprison. It seems to me that the speaker is so keenly aware of his sins and shortcomings that it is imperative that God not only saves him from his sinful ways, but does so in an intense, brutal manner. It is a role which he wants God to play because he feels the need to be rebuked in two divergent respects; that of the creator and of the restorer. These particular yearnings of treatment demonstate the elevated fervor and passion of his religious conviction, which in this case is accompanied by brutality to recompensate his sins. This passion is implicated with a sexual character. Batter my heart. (1) In laymans terms it would say hurt me. Interestingly, the word heart during Donnes era had a sexual connotation. (A Dictionary of Shakespeares Sexual Puns and their Significance) This definition does not actually come into play until the concluding lines, where he speaks of being raped by God. Except You enthrall me, never shall be free,/ Nor ever chaste, except You ravish me. (13-14) Donnes choice of words is imperative in ascertaining the sexuality of the poem. The word enthrall means to captivate, charm, and hold in slavery. The previous and following phrases, imprison me, and never shall be free, (13) indicate that Donne

Free Essays on The Role Of Women In Othello

Throughout history, the treatment of women has been an ever-changing issue. Othello, by William Shakespeare, is a story in which the female characters are treated in the unfair way that women of the time of the story were treated. This makes the story a great model for comparison of the treatment of women in the present time and in the past time when the story takes place. In order to make this comparison, one must first examine the way that the characters of Bianca, Emelia, and Desdemona are treated. Everyone including her husband, Cassio, treats the character of Bianca unfairly. This is because Bianca is really in love with Cassio, however he can only see the relationship as being a physical one. Due to this, Cassio has no problem making fun of Bianca behind her back when she leaves, and then wooing her when she returns again. The character of Emelia is an even harder one to evaluate. This is because she is the smartest woman character, but nonetheless men still seem to find a way to treat her poorly. When Emilia goes out of her way to help her husband Iago do evil, he barely even thanks her. Desdemona is the last of the characters to evaluate, however she is also the most important. Desdemona is treated very unfairly because she is a faithful wife, who loves her husband very much. However, through the help of Iago, her husband, and Othello suspects Desdemona is cheating on him. This is not true, but still Othello believes his friend long before he would listen to the woman who loves him. Othello then, instead of treating Desdemona fairly in return for her love, argues with and makes fun of her. Othello is a great model to be used to compare the treatment of women then and now because by reading it, one could see how much worse the treatment of women was then than it is now.... Free Essays on The Role Of Women In Othello Free Essays on The Role Of Women In Othello Throughout history, the treatment of women has been an ever-changing issue. Othello, by William Shakespeare, is a story in which the female characters are treated in the unfair way that women of the time of the story were treated. This makes the story a great model for comparison of the treatment of women in the present time and in the past time when the story takes place. In order to make this comparison, one must first examine the way that the characters of Bianca, Emelia, and Desdemona are treated. Everyone including her husband, Cassio, treats the character of Bianca unfairly. This is because Bianca is really in love with Cassio, however he can only see the relationship as being a physical one. Due to this, Cassio has no problem making fun of Bianca behind her back when she leaves, and then wooing her when she returns again. The character of Emelia is an even harder one to evaluate. This is because she is the smartest woman character, but nonetheless men still seem to find a way to treat her poorly. When Emilia goes out of her way to help her husband Iago do evil, he barely even thanks her. Desdemona is the last of the characters to evaluate, however she is also the most important. Desdemona is treated very unfairly because she is a faithful wife, who loves her husband very much. However, through the help of Iago, her husband, and Othello suspects Desdemona is cheating on him. This is not true, but still Othello believes his friend long before he would listen to the woman who loves him. Othello then, instead of treating Desdemona fairly in return for her love, argues with and makes fun of her. Othello is a great model to be used to compare the treatment of women then and now because by reading it, one could see how much worse the treatment of women was then than it is now....

An Exploration of the Representation of Teenagers in Two British Films, Films Are History Boys and Kidulthood

The representation of teenagers can be very contrasting at times teenagers can be represented as a problem within society however they can be represented as the hope for society in terms of education. The representation of teenagers has changed throughout the 20th century, since the films of Elvis Presley and the Beatles in the 50’s and 60’s (15). The two films I chose are set in the 1980’s (History Boys) and modern day London (Kidulthood). History Boys is a based around Sheffield grammar school and Kidulthood is based in London, both released in 2006. Kidulthood is an example of rights of passage in teenagers, because its tagline is â€Å"Before Adulthood Comes Kidulthood†, meaning that there is some form of right of passage before you are a adult. One of the first representations of teenagers that is apparent within either films is the use of language within Kidulthood uses language such as â€Å"bruv†, â€Å"blud†, â€Å"mandem† â€Å"chatting†, â€Å"pussyhole†. When there is a dialogue with older characters such as Jay and Trife’s Mum an air of politeness towards the adult is emphasised and when it is between teenage character they speak in use of language. Whereas History boys the teenagers are very polite. They are represented in a negative manner within the film due to their language and speech towards others. In my film I want to show characters in a polite manner, because of History Boys’s aspects. The representation in both films of teenagers within a context of a school is quite contrasting. In History Boys the main emphasis for the teenagers in this setting is based upon and you are judged on the university you go too evident through their struggle to get places at Oxbridge. They strive for perfection with results. In terms of the playground setting everyone is equal, the younger years walk side by side with the higher years, and the higher years are very friendly with the teachers, therefore showing that teenagers are responsible and are shown in a positive attitude. Whereas, Kidulthood is a complete binary opposition to History Boy’s in terms of a school setting, the playground is dominated by elder years, and the only way you see younger years is that they run through the mise-en-scene because bullies such as Sam and others own the playground and others are continuously victimised within this setting. A key scene is when the bell rings and a teacher is instructing the students. Trife just squares up to him, therefore showing school has a lack of hierarchy and respect. This influences my campaign material, because I could use school as a negative experience with a character turning it positively with what they achieve. When you first watch the film there is suggestions that in â€Å"Kidulthoods Britain, our teenagers are reckless hedonists, living for their moment under a whirl of as much sex, coke, blowjobs, weed and booze as they can cram into their Oh my days! lives. Theyre having a laugh. However, look behind the blurred sheen of peer-pressure narcotics and I-fell-asleep-during-sex-ed relationships and youll find guns, baseball bats, muggings, booze and teen pregnancy. For these adolescents, you need to have a tragic experience to learn about the very notion of consequence. This therefore suggests that Kidulthood is a sweeping generalisation of life in London, I want to refle ct the positivity within London and turn all these issues into a positive manner for my character, that it is your thinking not the consequences. 3) A representations that most teenagers face in modern day Britain portrayed within Kidulthood, was that Jay, Trife and Moony went into a shop and they looked at hats and they were immediately judged on their appearance, shown by the secretary guard of the shop subtly watching them. They leave the shop, and the secretary guard chases them, because he thinks that Trife’s hat is stolen, but it eventually becomes the realisation due to a shop assistant sticking up for them, that he was already wearing it when entering the shop. This is a hugely key representation of teenagers, because sometimes teenagers are stereotyped and put into a group that is an unfair reflection on them as individuals, because of what the majority of adults understand from the media stereotypes and news stories. This would be included in my marketing campaign as a teenager’s right of passage who shrugs off negative stereotypes, and therefore earning a right of passage, because of the school they go to, they are immediately put into the crowd and they have to turn ideas about teens around. Comparatively, the representation of teenagers in History Boys consists of the idea that exams are the main priority in life, and going to a good university is the done thing due to having a class full of Oxbridge candidates and getting straights A’s in A levels and if you don’t you have failed, because the pupil who earned 1 A and 2 B’s was extremely disappointed with this. This representation of teenagers is that they are very one dimensional in terms of education and all they want is to enter the Uk’s conveyer belt to university and eventually employment. This would link in with my campaign material because this is my characters priority and contending with distractions from the society they are based and they are able to take oppurtunities given to them. (4) One of the hugely key representations of teenagers within Kidulthood, is that gun and knife crime are a normal way of life, and that sex is just a way of getting what you want, or as a tool as to what you want, such as the example of Becky’s sexual pursuits for drugs which is includes dragging Alicia along. She is also represented as being very vain, because when Alicia sticks up to the school bully all she is really worried about is the fact that her face might scarred, and she seems to be very selfish and doesn’t think of others at all. Therefore one of the many representations of teenagers is that sometimes they can be very vain, moody and selfish. My campaign material will show that teenagers can be selfless and not selfish. 2) Equally the lyrics of the songs incorporated within Kidulthood reflect the problems faced by, and in various stages within the film, such as the character Katie listening to lyrics that are reflecting her problems and issues from her perspective. The same goes for Trife, Moony and all the other characters in the film. The representation of teenagers is therefore that, they listen to lyrics which reflect and their life and therefore can feel empathy with. According to a article I found â€Å"Music is the voice of the youth and adds to the theme of the film (teenagers). The music helps to bring home the message of the youth. Music plays almost throughout the film, intensifying and giving. †(2) This is a suggestion the music can create meaning within a film. The music as part of my campaign material will reflect the style of the film. One of the main differences between the two films in terms of the representation of teenagers within both these films is that the usual representation from each director, because Menhaj Huda (Kidulthood) has directed films depicting teenage life, because he directed a drama called West 10 LDN, which is a drama depicting a teenager going through my trials and tribulations within their daily lives. He also revolutionised the industry for new directors in the late 90’s. Equally the distribution company of Kidulthood being revolver entertainment, this also depicts violence and sex as being part of every day lives. The films they distribute show that the emphasis of their films, because they are called â€Å"Young people Fucking†- about couples in romantic relationships and â€Å"Wassup Rockers†- which is about Guatemalan and El Salvadorian street gangs in Los Angeles, this shows the daily dog eat dog lives they lead. Noel Clarke also co wrote Kidulthood and he directed the sequel to it, so therefore these individuals understand the problems faced by teenagers today. Whereas the director and distribution company of History Boys has a completely different aspects life, because Nicholas Hynter two films that have been showing teenagers as hardworking and in a positive light. This is most explicit with examples such as Center Stage, which is about dancers enrolling in a professional ballet academy, and how they deal with these. Along with History Boys Hynter portrays teenagers to be much more than violent, sex obsessed youths. Even with the distribution company of Fox search light productions who’s repertoire includes distributing such film successes with it being used for indie films and British films such as Slumdog Millionaire, Bend it like Beckham and Juno. Some films such as thirteen and Napoleon Dynamite which portray teenagers in less positive aspects of teenage life. Therefore one of the main ways in which representation of teenagers are different is because of what sort of audience they would appeal to. I feel a positive representation should be applied, because the media today represents teenagers with such negativity. (6, 7, 8, 9,10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20) A review on Kidulthood states that â€Å"In Kidulthoods Britain, our teenagers are reckless hedonists, living for their moment under a whirl of as much sex, coke, blowjobs, weed and booze as they can cram into their Oh my days! lives. Theyre having a laugh. However, look behind the blurred sheen of peer-pressure narcotics and I-fell-asleep-during-sex-ed relationships and youll find guns, baseball bats, muggings, booze and teen pregnancy. For these adolescents, you need to have a tragic experience to learn about the very notion of consequence. †- This part of the review suggests that teenagers that live in London are shown to be quite pressured by peers, and has differed from previous films such as History boys. In my campaign material I want to challenge these stereotypes, through the ideas I bring across. (3) For any teenager, puberty makes a teenager’s mind quite confused in terms of sexuality and other issues. In History Boys, the idea of sexual confusion and homosexuality is represented as being quite prominent. This is shown by one of the Oxbridge applicants asking for advice from the new teacher called Irwin, and that homosexuality is becoming a confusing issue within teenage life in the 80’s. Dakin one of the students is extremely confident with his sexuality and life in general, because of his status within the group, because he is the object of the confusion. Therefore a representation of teenagers within History boys is about the many issues to do with sexuality such as homosexuality and other sexual issues within the context of puberty. I want to portray this as a problem for my character to deal with along with exams. (21) Conclusively, the representation of teenagers within the two British films Kidulthood and History Boys differ completely in terms of different representations of teenagers being depicted by their class, and therefore depending on their class how their life is lead and what issues arise as seen in these two films. I shall therefore challenge this problem. Bibliography 1. Kidulthood film and History boys film- Focus Films 2. www. academicdb. com/Mass_Communications_and_Documentation/ kidadulthoo d_review___How_are_teenagers_L137186. html – To understand what other students were discussing in terms of representation 3. http://www. totalfilm. com/reviews/cinema/kidulthood – understand what a prestigious film magazine thought about the film. 4. http://www. bbc. co. uk/films/2006/10/04/the_history_boys_2006_review. shtmlunderstand the context of the exams within the film. 5. http://www. c hannel4. com/film/reviews/film. jsp? id=156095 – To understand what a rival would say about the film but it was just for my own help rather than the essay. All the below were all to get a context for the film in terms of director and distribution companies in terms of representation of teenagers for both sides. 6. http://www. britfilms. com/britishfilms/directors/? id=C3BC981002c2a25B4CrRt2DF 93DE 7. http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Menhaj_Huda 8. http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Nicholas_Hytner 9. http://www. imdb. com/name/nm0405336/ 10. http://www. guardian. co. uk/stage/2003/mar/30/theatre. artsfeatures 11. http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/West_10_LDN 12. http://www. imdb. com/name/nm0399630/ 13. http://www. myspace. com/13608234 14. http://en. ikipedia. org/wiki/Noel_Clarke 15. http://www. antiessays. com/free-essays/15181. html comparison of era of teen films. * 16. http://www. imdb. com/name/nm0164929/ 17. http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/The_History_Boys_(film) 18. http://en . wikipedia. org/wiki/Fox_Searchlight_Pictures 19. http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Kidulthood 20. http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Revolver_Entertainment 21. http://www. oppapers. com/essays/History-Boys-Consider-Significance- Characterisation-Either/179335 To understand the representation of sexuality for the teenagers within the film. 1,858 words

Second Language Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Second Language - Assignment Example It is noticing that ensures that input becomes intake before any processing takes place. This is a pre-requisite for the learner's integration into the developing inter-language system. Noticing thus the first stage in second language acquisition. (Gass, 1988) Balestone emphasizes on the importance of noticing by calling the "real gateway to subsequent learning". (Balestone, 1994) This has been asserted by Lynch as well who claims that noticing is the most essential ingredient of successful language learning. (Lynch, 2001) Various other researchers have marked out and pointed the importance of noticing in second language acquisition. Sharwood and Rutherford are to name a few. They believe that noticing leads to the other subsequent stages before the language is acquired in its entirety. After noticing, the processing phase takes form and once processing starts, the language gets integrated into the learner's mind. However noticing can be of various, forms. It can be in both conscious as well as unconscious states of mind. According to some authors, the assertion that "noticing the gap" is a conscious process is not right. They feel that it can't be a conscious process and there are far too many differences in languages that can be acquired consciously. It is not as simple as it looks like, but is a rather complex. Apart from this Truscott has criticized these founding's claiming that the foundations of hypothesis in cognitive psychology is weak and it can't be based on rational theory of languages. He feels that noticing is not a very legitimate and strong factor in second language acquisition. He believes that noticing is only important for the acquisition of met linguistic language which is acquiring the ability to change words, fill gaps, adapt to sentence manipulations and dictate grammar rules. Noticing acts a mediary between the input and the memory systems. Spotlight consciousness is given by short term memory and is instantiated by various influences on noticing. These are the main factors that influence noticing: Instruction, silence, task demand, perceptual silence, skills, frequency and comparing. Instruction plays an important role in laying the foundations for expectation settings about the language which are noticed by observers and adapted accordingly. Another language feature that is of considerable importance is frequency which comes up due to repeated use of the language by teachers. This helps the learner notice the features of the language and eventually learn them accordingly. Skills set required to be incommunicado for a particular language is yet another important element that assists noticing of language in humans. Q2) Corrective Feedback in Second Language Learning What are the types of feedback Different terms have been used interchangeably that identify corrective feedback in the second language acquisition literature. Some of these terms are corrective feedback, negative evidence and negative feedback. According to Chaudron (Chaudron, 1992) the word corrective feedback can be layered down to mean different things. A "treatment of error" could mean any teaching behavior that follows after an error has been made. These steps aim to inform the learner of the facts of the error. The treatment will not be observed from the student's response but it would rather work to

Hands-on Learning Motivates Students in the Science Classroom Thesis

Hands-on Learning Motivates Students in the Science Classroom - Thesis Example References 27 6.0. Appendices 28 6.1. Appendix 1: Student Survey Questionnaire 28 6.2. Appendix 2: Teacher-To-Be Survey Questionnaire 29 6.3. Appendix 3: Results of Test-Retest Reliability Analysis 30 List of Tables Table 1. Gender and Age Profile of Grade 10 Student Respondents 7 Table 2. Gender and Age Profile of Teacher and Student-Teacher Respondents 8 Table 3. Detailed Data Analysis Plan 12 Table 4. Student Level of Interest on Lecture 19 Table 5. Level of Student Interest on Hands-On Activities 20 Table 6. Students’ Preferred Method in Science Teaching 21 List of Figures Figure 1: Why Students Take the Science Course 13 Figure 2: What the Students Like to Do in the Science Classroom 14 Figure 3: Frequency of Conducting Group Activities 16 Figure 4: Perceived Usefulness of Labs or Hands-On Activities 16 Figure 5: Student Understanding of Concepts through Hands-On Activities 17 Figure 6: Teaching Method That Helped Students Better 18 1.0 Introduction The term hands-on lear ning means â€Å"learning through doing† (Gardiner, 2005, para.2). Hands-on learning is used commonly in the science classroom to describe a form of learning where students investigate and develop understanding of a scientific concept by active involvement in an activity or an experiment (Gardiner, 2005). Askell-Williams and Lawson (as cited in Brophy, 2010) reported that middle school students frequently mention hands-on activities when asked about interesting elements of lessons, together with features which satisfy their need to for independence, competence and relatedness, experiments, outdoor learning, design projects, and innovative and creative assignments. Meanwhile, high school students enjoy classes for different reasons, and tend to rate highly those related to learning, creation,... Grounded on the findings of the study, all groups of respondents demonstrated their concurrence with the thesis statement that â€Å"hands-on learning motivates students in the science classroom†. The following conclusions were drawn for the specific objectives of the study. This report makes a conclusion that the uniqueness of each individual is one of the perplexities of humankind. Even twins have different set of fingerprints and different ways of learning styles and preferred teaching method. Even student teachers who are well-versed on the efficacy of various teaching methods prefer different teaching styles. The experienced science teachers recognized such individual differences and attributed different favorite teaching styles to such differences. The teachers declared that there is no one single style which can help develop the cognitive competence of students in science. In some concepts, however, one or a combination of two methods have proven to be more efficient that other styles. Teachers have to be aware of student preference and needs to adapt lessons and activities to these varying needs. The Science teachers enumerated several advantages and disadvantages of hands-on activities. Among the advantages identified were: hands-on activities e nable students to experience scientific phenomena through experiments with physical materials; these activities teach a student in planning investigations, utilization of scientific instruments, and in the collection, recording, and analysis of data.

Customs and traditions in the USA Essay Example for Free

Customs and traditions in the USA Essay Customs and traditions are important part of our culture, of our lives. Customs and traditions unite, build community. They provide identity. They tie us to our ancestors and heritage. They remind us of where we came from. Every country and every nation has its own traditions and customs. Its very important to know traditions and customs of different people. It will help you to know more about the history and life of different nations and countries. Custom is a traditional and widely accepted way of behaving or doing something that is specific to a particular society, place, or time; a thing that one does habitually. Tradition is the transmission of customs or beliefs from generation to generation, or the fact of being passed on in this way; long-established custom or belief that has been passed on from one generation to another All countries have their social customs and peculiarities, and the US is no exception. The first group of custom which is worth speaking about is connected with meeting someone. When meeting someone for the first time, it is customary to shake hands, both for men and for women. Hugs are only exchanged between close friends. Kissing is not common. Among friends, it’s common for men to kiss ladies on one or both cheeks. Men don’t usually kiss or embrace each other. Americans usually introduce themselves by their first name and last name (such as â€Å"Hello, I’m John Smith†), or, if the setting is very casual, by their first name only (â€Å"Hi, I’m John†). The common response when someone is introduced to you is â€Å"Pleased to meet you.† Americans generally dislike formality or any sort of social deference due to age or position, and most quickly say ‘Please call me Rick (or Rita)’. To Americans, informality shows no lack of respect. Because of the rise of women’s liberation in America, women may be introduced with the title ‘Ms’ (pronounced ‘mizz’) and some women object to being addressed as ‘Miss’ or ‘Mrs’. In some social circles, women are introduced after their husbands, e.g. Mrs Chuck Whizzkid, in which case you shouldn’t address her as Chuck! Americans often reply ‘You’re Welcome’ or something similar when somebody thanks them, and they may think you’re impolite if you don’t do likewise. If someone asks ‘How are you?’, it’s usual to reply ‘Fine thanks’ and don’t complain even if you feel dreadful. Americans don’t have status or inherited titles (e.g. Sir or Lord) but it is necessary to defer to people with a professional title which has been earned. These include foreign diplomats (e.g. Sir), members of the Senate (Senator) or Congress (Congressman/Congresswoman), judges, medical doctors and others with a doctorate, military officers (e.g. General, Colonel), professors, priests and other religious ministers (e.g. Father, Rabbi, Reverend). If you’re invited to dinner, it’s customary to take along a small present, e.g. flowers, a plant, chocolates or a bottle of wine (but nothing extravagant or ostentatious). But choosing flowers you should remember that American people pay attention to the meaning of flowers. For example carnations are associated with bad luck, chrysanthemums are for cemeteries and roses signify love. Guests are normally expected to be punctual with the exception of certain society parties, when late arrival is de rigueur (provided you don’t arrive after the celebrity guest). It’s usual to arrive half an hour to an hour after the official start of a dance. Invitations to cocktail parties or receptions may state 5pm to 7pm, in which case you may arrive at any time between these hours. Dinner invitations are often phrased as 8pm for 8.30pm. This means you should arrive at 8pm for drinks and dinner will be served at 8.30pm. Anyone who arrives late for dinner or doesn’t turn up at all, should expect to be excluded from future guest lists. On the other hand, you must never arrive early. The custom of not taking off the shoes is peculiar to Americans. That is why don’t think of whether you should take off your shoes or not. If it is necessary the host will warn you about it himself. When watching American films I always wondered why Americans did not take off their footwear. The matter turns out to be that there is no much dirty and dust in American streets. Some people who were in America say that it is possible to sit on some pavements and not to make oneself dirty. One more reason explaining this custom is that majority of Americans prefer driving but not going of foot. That is why they are not afraid of dirtying their houses. Some families say grace before meals, so follow your host’s example before tucking in. Table manners are more relaxed in the U.S. than in many other countries. The fork is held in the right hand and is used for eating. The knife is used to cut something. To use the knife, the fork is switched to the left hand. To continue eating, the fork is switched back to the right hand. Don’t overstay your welcome. This becomes obvious when your host starts looking at his watch, talking about his early start the next day. The custom which is also typical for the USA is tipping. Most Americans are shocked by anyone who doesn’t tip or who tips too little. The one you will encounter most often is at restaurants. American restaurants do not add a service charge to the bill. Therefore it is expected that the customer will leave a tip for the server. Common practice is to leave a tip that is equal to 15% of the total bill for acceptable service, and about 20% for superior service. If the service was unusually poor, then you could leave a smaller tip, about 10%. Other professions where tipping is expected include hairdressers, taxi drivers, hotel porters, parking valets, and bartenders. The general rule is to tip approximately 15% of the bill. In situations where there is no bill the tip may range from $1 to $5, depending on the type of establishment and on how good the service was. The custom of tipping came to America from Great Britain. In the 18th century in Great Britain the boxes with the inscription T.I.P.S. which was meant To Insure Prompt Service were on the tables during having tea. Then this term came to America. Baby showers have been a tradition in the US for a long time now, and are growing in popularity here, too. What better excuse is there for getting a group of friends together than to celebrate a new life? Plus, the mum-to-be get lots of great presents for her and her baby, result! The only person who shouldnt arrange a baby shower is the mum-to-be. The whole event should be great fun and completely stress-free for her. Friends, family or work colleagues are the usual organizers. You could either keep it as a surprise for the mum-to-be, or tell her what you are planning. Baby showers usually have some sort of baby theme to get everyone in the mood. Popular themes include: Teddy bears tea party. Get hold of as many teddies as you can and make sure each guest brings one, too! As presents, they could bring teddy bear-related books. The cake could be in the shape of a teddy bear. You get the general idea! Nursery rhymes. Arrange toys linked to nursery rhymes around the room , such as shoes (There was an old lady), a spider (Little Miss Muffet), a bucket (Jack Jills pail), and toy boats (Row row row your boat). Ask guests if they can count how many rhymes are represented. Books. Ask each guest to bring a book that meant something to them as a child. Its a great way for mum to start up her childs library. For decoration, everyone could also bring books to arrange around the room. The cake could be in the shape of a fairytale book. One more tradition connected with babies is to give a baby a birthstone. The Tradition of Birthstones goes back further than written history. People wear jewelry containing stones designated for their Birth Month. In the USA there are a lot of traditions connecting with wedding. It is known that before marriage engagement takes place. As a rule a man invite a woman to the restaurant to make her a proposal. Engagement ring obligatory should have a brilliant. The diamond engagement ring originated with King Maximillian who presented Mary of Burgundy with a diamond ring in 1477 as a token of his love. And the ring is presented unexpectedly. It may found in the glass of champagne by the woman or in the bud of the rose. To my mind this tradition is very romantic. The tradition of a Bachelor Party which is held for the Groom and usually sponsored by The Best Man the night before the Wedding and a Bridal Shower which is usually sponsored by The Brides Maid is very popular in the USA. By the way the number of bridesmaids in America amount from two to twenty. The tradition of bridesmaids dressing the same as each other and in similar style to the bride comes from ancient days when it was believed that evil spirits have a more difficult time distinguishing which one is the bride and putting a hex on her. The tradition of a Wedding Rehearsal Dinner also takes place in America. It is usually celebrated between the immediate families of spouses in the late afternoon the day before the wedding. The Grooms Family traditionally provides for this celebration. The Wedding Ceremony is most often performed as part of a religious ceremony each with its own specific customs and traditions. On the day of the wedding the Groom does not see the Bride until the actual ceremony. As Custom would have it from Victorian Times: the Bride wears Something Old, Something New, Something Borrowed, Something Blue, and a Sixpence in her shoe. The bride and groom exchange their rings to mark the permanent commitment of the new spouses to each other. The rings should be gold. According to history gold rings signified a financial sacrifice on the part of the prospective husband. Ring finger is the fourth ringer which is considered to be connected directly to the heart by a route that was called â€Å"the vein of love.† In the USA tradition of engraving of wedding rings is popular. The kiss on weddings dates back to the earliest days of civilization in the Middle East. A kiss was used as the formal seal to agreements, contracts, etc. In Ancient Rome a kiss was still being used as the legal bold to seal contracts. Hence the obvious use of the custom at the end of the wedding ceremony to â€Å"seal† the marriage vows. After the wedding ceremony newlyweds are covered with rice which is used as a symbol of fertility and as a wish for a â€Å"full pantry†. A Wedding Reception is usually held after the ceremony for all family and friends to celebrate. The Brides Family usually provides for this celebration. Traditionally the groom’s flower, worn on his lapel, usually matches one of the flowers in his bride’s bouquet. This tradition goes back to medieval times when knights wore the colors of their lady in tournaments. All of us know the tradition of throwing bridal bouquet and garter. The history of this tradition is very interesting I believe. In parts of Europe during the 14th contrary, having a piece of the bride’s clothing was thought to bring good luck. Guests would literally destroy the brides dress by ripping off pieces of fabric. In order to prevent this, brides began throwing their bouquets to the unwed girls. And grooms began to throw garter to unmarried men. One more wedding tradition is connected with CARRYING THE BRIDE OVER THE THRESHOLD Traditionally, the bride had to enter her new home the first time through the front door. If she tripped or stumbled while entering it was considered to be very bad luck. And the groom carried her over the threshold les she should stumble. Hence the tradition of the groom carrying the bride over the threshold. They bring us all together, no matter where we are. We can all relate to them and understand each other because we all use them. It is also a great connection for family and friends. There are traditions that are upheld for hundreds of years that are so important in our hearts. It links and connects us to past members of our family and our world whom we may never have gotten the chance to meet. They teach us about ourselves, our families, and the world around us. We can learn our history, why this tradition was started and what it signifies when we follow it today. They can work as the glue that holds us together. They are our culture, our heritage; they are us.