Public Policy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 2

Public Policy - Essay Example However the process of development of policies can be initiated by any of ministers departments, think tanks, parliament, general public, cause groups, media, academic experts, party groupings, extra parliamentary parties, prime ministers and cabinet. There are players in policy making who are consulted while formulating policies such as civil servants, key pressure group leaders, outside experts for an outer perspective about the problem and concerned ministries for their approval and ideas. There are two approaches to policy making, one is top-down approach and another is bottom-up policy making. Top-down policy making, involves formulation of policy taking place from higher levels of political system and then those policies are communicated to the sub-ordinates who are then held responsible to make sure that the execution of those policies is done in the right manner. This approach is also referred as the concept of core executive (Health Knowledge, 2011). For example, bottom-up approach of policy development may have a sequence like: Another approach that is bottom-up approach to policy making which deals with development of policies getting initiated from sub-ordinate level rather than higher levels as this approach believes in empowerment of sub-ordinates and thus they own the power to reshape or change the policies thus policy may change during implementation. This approach recognizes policy formulation process as interactive process (Health Knowledge, 2011). For example, a bottom-up approach of policy formulation may have sequence like: There are two views of about how evaluation is done, one is impressionistic and another is systematic. Impressionistic method of evaluation id the method of assessment based on overall quality. It is qualitative and subjective method of evaluation where the subject experts are requested to thoroughly examine